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The National Water Act (Act 36 of 1998) (NWA) provides the framework within which the Department can define different water uses of which the following uses require formal licensing or rights to use and includes among other the taking of water taking water from a water resource and the removal of underground water as associated with groundwater resources as also setting out the basis for the implementation of the strategy. As such the Groundwater Quality Management strategy was developed for implementation by DWAF specifically where these types of water uses can apply.

For the strategy to work effectively, an aim was set to minimize contamination of the water resources and to ensure sustainable development use can be achieved for these water resources. Source-directed pollution prevention is a core aim and is in turn enabled through the NWA in a number of ways of which regulated licensing is the most direct and powerful. Regulated licencing is therefore specifically used to manage groundwater resources for specific areas and specific uses.

For a specific water use to be allowed, the Department (now called the Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS)) had regulations put into place directing water use licencing and specific requirements associated with this process in the Regulations Regarding the Procedural Requirements for Water Use Licence Applications and Appeals (GNR 267 of 2017). GNR 267 include requirements in terms of specialist technical reports and investigations in support of water use applications. Technical reports which can be require include a range of studies to assess and review the planned water use with Geohydrology a main focus.

Geohydrology specialist assessments need to follow the set guideline as per Annexure 5 of GNR 267 as detailed below. ENVASS specialist Geohydrology assessments follow the guideline as set out in order to achieve the desired outcomes as per the Strategy for Groundwater Quality Management and Water Use Licencing and can further assist with a range of specialised groundwater management services. A geohydrology specialist is a professional who specializes in the study of groundwater and the hydrological processes that govern the movement and distribution of water in the earth. In the context of Annexure 5 of GNR 267, a geohydrology specialist would be responsible for conducting assessments of potential impacts on groundwater resources. These assessments would need to follow the set guidelines outlined in Annexure 5 (Figure1), which would include procedures for identifying and evaluating potential risks to groundwater resources, as well as methods for monitoring and mitigating any negative impacts.

Figure 1: Annexure 5 of GNR 267, Geohydrological requirements

(Sourced from the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry - Number W.1.0: First Edition 2000. Policy and Strategy for Groundwater Quality Management in South Africa).